Nematode Suppression in Peanut Peanut Notes No. 21 2022
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Collapse ▲Nematode Suppression
One challenge with using chemistry to suppress nematodes is the non-uniform nature of this pest in most fields. Will you get a return on investment if say 25% of the field has an issue but you have to treat the entire field? We don’t have a good answer for that one. Crop rotation is a good way to manage nematodes with cotton being a great rotation. Corn is a good rotation with peanut in many ways but we do get more root knot with corn compared with cotton. Soybeans also promote root knot. Tobacco is marginal (unless you are fumigating tobacco land and then it can be a plus.) Sweetpotato is a good rotation with peanuts (and vice versa) and often times farmers are fumigating sweetpotato fields (especially with concerns over Guava root knot nematode.) We don’t have any variety resistance to nematodes (but we will be looking at both Virginia and runner type varieties in 2022 developed by USDA in Tifton.)
Chemistry-wise, Telone II and metam sodium (less effective than Telone II in fields with high levels of nematodes) are effective against nematodes when applied correctly. Most folks don’t want to go in that direction for a number of good reasons. But either one of these fumigants are a good bet to lower nematode populations. Velum (fluopyram) is also a possible option. Velum Total (imidacloprid plus fluopyram) is no longer marketed but Velum (fluopyram only) is available. You will need to either apply imidalcoprid in the tank with Velum to control thrips or use Phorate or AgLogic as a granular in the seed furrow. If you use AgLogic (containing aldicarb, the new version of Temik) you may not gain additional suppression of nematodes with Velum, although that combination has likely not been evaluated and would be very expensive. In conversations I have had with a number of research and extension folks, the suppression of nematodes with in-furrow applications of aldicarb versus fluopyram is about the same. One question is what is the difference between these two products if you are only going to use one? First, the suppression by aldicarb and fluopyram is less than what you would see with a fumigant. The suppression by aldicarb and fluopyram is considered to be about the same. We currently don’t know how Vydate would compare with these products in NC.
One other option for nematode suppression is a relatively early season application of Propulse (broadcast about 45 days after planting) with hopes that it will get washed in with rain for irrigation. We have not looked at this in detail in NC – it’s been hard to find a uniform area of nematodes to test it. But one positive with an early spray is that in addition to nematode suppression (if washed in soon enough) there will be some very early protection from leaf spot (provided by prothioconazole – one of the components of Provost Silver.)
Summary
- Rotation is very important
- There is no resistance in the varieties we are planting
- Fumigants are the most effective and consistent option but expensive and challenging to apply
- AgLogic and Velum are likely the same with limited suppression
- Vydate is an unknown in NC right now
- Propulse has activity as a foliar spray about 45 days after planting if washed in